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Our galax , theMilky Way , is on a collision line with its neighbour Andromeda . Although the hit will take place about 4 billion years from now , astronomer have long placed stakes on which of the two star systems is more potential to survive the mega crash .
Until of late , Andromeda , presently roughly 2.5 million light - days away fromthe Milky Way , was the clear favorite . But a new study suggests the event of the cosmic smashup might be closer to a tie .
In a paper put out online Jan. 10 in thejournal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society , a team of astronomers lead by Prajwal Kafle from the University of Western Australia approximate that the mass of Andromeda , also cognise as M31 , is much light than antecedently think . This , Kafle tell , putsAndromeda’smass on equivalence with the Milky Way ’s , which means there will be no clear-cut winner in the future intergalactic collision .
" I quantify the M31 ’s mass to be 800 billion times heavier than the Sunday , which is almost one - third of what scientist have been claiming for a few decade , " Kafle told Live Science in an electronic mail . [ arresting Photos of Our whitish Way Galaxy ]
Missing matter
But how is it potential that Kafle ’s measuring could be so significantly dissimilar ? The research worker said he used a dissimilar technique ground on the escape cock velocity , or the speed that is required for a body such as a asterisk to escape the gravitational pull of another body — for model a extragalactic nebula . A higher command escape velocity mean an physical object has a higher gravitative pull , and therefore a larger mass .
" From the measuring of the speed with which we propel our rocket out to the space , a someone stand on Mars or at [ a ] upstage major planet can exercise out what is the long suit of Earth ’s gravity , " Kafle order . " I used like logical system to convert high - speed stars in M31 to calculate the strength of M31 ’s gravitational effect — or in simple terms , its mass . "
To count on the mass of a beetleweed , the researchers need to take into news report not just the matter seeable in telescopes , but also theelusive disconsolate issue . This is a form of matter that exerts a gravitational pulling but does not interact with average luminousness at all . Dark matter has never been like a shot detect , but its cosmos was infer in the 1960s when scientists realized that star in galaxy move as if there is much more matter than was watch over .
An influential 1980 paper by stargazer Vera Rubin postulated that galaxies must contain six times as much dark matter as visible quite a little . Because there is much more dark topic than the visible mass in the universe , it ’s mostly the gravitative military force of this dark matter that the ' fly the coop stars ' that Kafle study have to overwhelm . And it appears the previous methods might have overrate the amount of sour matter present in Andromeda , the research worker said .
Past methods of modeling a galaxy ’s mass required knowing both the radial speed , or the rate at which stars in the wandflower move towards or out from an observer on Earth , and the apparent motion of the stars across the sky comparative to the Lord’s Day , the so - call right motion .
" Our telescopes are not sensitive enough to observe proper movement of sensation in M31 galaxy , " Kafle said . As a result , " other methods that need proper - movement information will have to make some assumption about the motion . "
The method used by Kafle , on the other hand , does not require lie with the right motion .
So , what exactly will happen once the two spiral beetleweed , which now appear surprisingly standardised , collide ?
Kafle tell that no one really knows . " It remains to be simulated how exactly two galaxy will interact , " he said . " This is something we aim to do in the future . "
One affair is sure : The event will have apocalyptic consequence , andour solar systemis unlikely to come through whole . Humanity ’s only hope is to lick intergalactic travelling by then , .
to begin with publish onLive scientific discipline .
